TOBAM is a Paris-based asset management firm. Formed in 2005 by Yves Choueifaty, it is independent and employee-owned. TOBAM’s Maximum Diversification® approach, supported by original, patented research and a mathematical definition of diversification, provides clients with diversified core exposure, in both the equity and fixed income markets. The company manages close to $10 billion (as of December 2021) in equities and fixed income strategies. TOBAM also offers the Maximum Diversification® Indices, a set of indices based on TOBAM's Maximum Diversification approach. In line with its mission statement and commitment to diversification, TOBAM also launched a separate activity on cryptocurrencies in 2017. The team is composed of 54 professionals from 18 different nationalities in 6 main offices worldwide (Paris/New York/Dublin/Hong Kong/Luxembourg/Frankfurt). TOBAM is regulated by the Autorité des Marchés Financiers (AMF) since June 2006 and is a SEC registered investment adviser since May 2011. TOBAM’s investment philosophy consists in maximizing diversification in order to collect the risk premium of an asset class. TOBAM’s Anti-Benchmark® strategy is based on the Maximum Diversification® approach, designed to maximize the degree of diversification when selecting the weighting of assets in the portfolio allocation process. The Diversification Ratio® is maximized to produce a portfolio designed to access risk premium evenly from all the effective independent sources of risk available in the market at any given time. TOBAM’s approach is quantitative and does not use any predictions of expected return, neither for the assets nor for any underlying risk factors.