Red Lake Nation is a federally recognized Indian reservation and is one of the few completely sovereign reservations in the United States. Unique in many aspects, Red Lake is the only "closed reservation" in Minnesota. Red Lake Nation established its independence on July 6, 1889 following the culmination of negotiations that established the sovereignty of the Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians. The Red Lake Indian Reservation is located in the northern Minnesota counties of Beltrami and Clearwater, along with smaller tracts in seven other counties. There are four communities, including: Red Lake, Redby, Ponemah and Little Rock. The Tribal Council is located in Red Lake. The Red Lake Band of Chippewa, through treaties and agreements in 1863 (amended 1864), 1889, 1892, 1904 and 1905, gave up land but never ceded the main reservation surrounding Lower Red Lake and a portion of Upper Red Lake. The unceded land is regarded as the "diminished" reservation and "aboriginal" land. It is comprised of 407,730 acres. In addition, there are 229,300 acres of surface water area.The tribal government has full sovereignty over the reservation, subject only to federal legislation specifically intended for Red Lake, which makes it a "closed" reservation. The Tribe has the right to limit who can visit or live on the reservation. The reservation completely surrounds Lower Red Lake, the largest inland lake within the borders of Minnesota, and includes a major portion of Upper Red Lake. The land is slightly rolling and heavily wooded, with 337,000 acres of woodlands under management. There are numerous lakes, swamps, peat bogs and prairies. RLNN School District Red Lake Hospital