Shanduka Group was founded in 2001 as a black-owned investment holding company. It is invested in a diverse portfolio of listed and unlisted companies, with key holdings in the resources and food and beverage industries. Shanduka is also invested in the financial services, energy, telecoms, property and industrial sectors. The group has investments in South Africa, Mozambique, Mauritius, Ghana and Nigeria. The company's investment philosophy rests on partnering with firms that have a history of delivering profitable earnings and capable management teams that embrace transformation. Shanduka’s broad-based ownership demonstrates its commitment to empowerment and transformation. Part of its shareholding is held by trusts that invest in education and small business development. Total black ownership is 51%, of which an 18% shareholding is held by broad-based trusts. In 2004, Shanduka Group launched the Shanduka Foundation and made a commitment to spend R100 million on corporate social investments over ten years. Shanduka has spent R82 million to date. The Shanduka Foundation has a number of entities through which it carries out its social investments: • Adopt-a-School Foundation • Shanduka Black Umbrellas • Cyril Ramaphosa Education Trust • Shanduka internship programme