Vedanta Zinc International (VZI) – headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa – is a grouping of zinc assets located in South Africa, Namibia and Ireland, owned by India-based Vedanta Limited, a listed subsidiary of Vedanta Resources plc. Operations include: Black Mountain Mining (BMM) and the associated flagship Gamsberg Project in South Africa’s Northern Cape province; Skorpion Zinc Mine and refinery in the Karas region of Namibia. Mining and milling at the Lisheen Mine in Ireland was concluded in December 2015 after 17 years of operation and the mine is currently in an active closure mode. VZI’s vision is to create an integrated world-class regional zinc complex comprising the BMM (including Gamsberg) and the Skorpion Zinc mining and refining operations. VZI is a significant employer in its areas of operation: It is one the largest private sector employers in the Northern Cape, employing around 1,500 people at the current operations at BMM, and a further 1,500 people at the Gamsberg Project (employees and business partner employees). Around 1,500 people are employed at Skorpion Zinc.