Altheia Science is a pioneering start-up founded by two world renowned Italian scientists, Prof. Alessandra Biffi, MD and Prof. Paolo Fiorina, MD, PhD, together with AurorA-TT. Altheia Science’s pipeline exploits pioneering therapeutic tools for autoimmune diseases and cancer. The modulation of PD-L1 expression at the molecular and protein level is key to devise advanced treatments. This can be achieved by first-in-class molecules controlling the PD-L1 pathway and/or by lentiviral vector-based engineering of patients’ hematopoietic stem cells. Altheia Science’s approach intends to drastically modify the natural history of diseases with high clinical impact in autoimmunity and cancer by modulating PD-L1 expression, achieving tangible and durable benefit for each patient.